Civil Engineering Online Review

A three-hinged arch is shown in the figure.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the vertical reaction at A in KiloNewtons:
A. 31
B. 36
C. 28
D. 23
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the total reaction at the hinge in KiloNewtons:
A. 45.2
B. 85.6
C. 54.1
D. 32.3
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the total reaction at B in KiloNewtons:
A. 32.3
B. 45.2
C. 85.6
D. 54.1

Solution:

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Concrete beam 8meters long and spaced 4m center-to-center are used to support a concrete slab 115 mm thick. The beams have effective depth of 650 mm measured from the slab surface, b_w=300mm, and are reinforced for tension only with six 28-mm-diameter bars. The beams are to be analyzed as T-beams. Steel yield strength f_y=350MPa and concrete strength f_c=21MPa.

1. Which of the following most nearly give the width of slab effective as T-beam, in millimeters?
A. 2000
B. 2140
C. 4000
D. 3250
2. Which of the following most nearly give the depth of compression block in millimeters?
A. 36.2
B. 45.2
C. 56.3
D. 62.4
3. Which of the following most nearly give the nominal moment capacity of the beam in KiloNewton-Meter.
A. 563
B. 784
C. 952
D. 817

Solution:

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Steel column 3.6m long and hinged at both ends is used to carry an axial load of 800kN. The column is subject to end moments about its strong axis (single curvature) with M₁ = 90%M₂. The frame is braced against joint translation and is not subjected to any transverse loading. F_y =248MPa, E=200GPa.

The properties of the section are as follows:

A=0.013 m² r_b=94 mm

S_x=0.00099 m² K=1.0

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the computed (actual) axial stress of the column in MegaPascals.
A. 57
B. 75
C. 62
D. 68
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the allowable axial compressive stress of the column in MegaPascals.
A. 114
B. 120
C. 133
D. 148
3. From a separate calculation with F_b = 149MPa, which of the following most nearly gives the maximum moment that the column can carry, in KiloNewton-Meter.
A. 85.6
B. 75.4
C. 71.4
D. 78.8

Solution:

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The implementing rules of PD 1594 defines an unbalanced bi as a bid containing one or more pay items that are 30% higher than the unit allowable government estimate (AGE) in respect to major items whereas other pay items are priced lower than the unit AGE. AGE is defined as one-half the sum of the AAE and the average of all responsive bids. For purposes of determining the average of all responsive bids, bids higher than 120% of the AAE or lower than 60% of the AAE shall not be considered. Major items are defined as pay items representing at least 20% of the AAE or those indicated or specified in the instruction to bidders. The responsive bids for a government project with 8 bid items are as follows (all cost figures are in thousands of pesos):

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the total AAE in thousand pesos:
A. 64,600
B. 54,800
C. 48,000
D. 71,000
2. Which of the following give the complete list of major item?
A. Item 8
B. Items 2,4 & 8
C. Items 2,3,4, & 8
D. Items 2 & 8
3. Which of the following gives the complete list of unbalanced bids?
A. Bidders A, B, C
B. Bidders A, C
C. Bidders A
D. All are balanced bids

Solution:

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The area in the first quadrant is bounded by the curve shown in the figure.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the area in square units?
A. 2330
B. 2130
C. 2230
D. 2030
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the location of the centroid of the area from the y-axis?
A. 52
B. 48
C. 42
D. 58
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the location of the centroid of the area from the x-axis?
A. 20
B. 10
C. 15
D. 25

Solution:

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Bill of quantity is to be prepared for guardhouse 3.6 m in height with one door opening only and a height of 2.1m as shown. Assume density of steel equal to 7860 kg/m³. CHB is 200 mm x 400 mm and 150 mm thick.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the total length of 12mm bars in meters:
A. 72
B. 65
C. 86
D. 58
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the weight of 12mm bars in Kilogram per meters:
A. 0.89
B. 0.75
C. 0.93
D. 0.63
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the total weight of 12mm bars in Kilograms:
A. 44
B. 58
C. 77
D. 64

Solution:

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A 4-m single span beam having a cross-section of 300mm x 500 mm carries a uniformly distributed load throughout its span. The beam is 80% stress grade Apitong with allowable bending stress of 16.5 MegaPascals, allowable shearing stress of 1.73 MPa and modulus of elasticity of 7.31 GigaPascals. Allowable deflection is 1/240 of the span.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of the uniform load without exceeding the allowable bending stress of the beam, in KiloNewton per Meter.
A. 118
B. 103
C. 132
D. 124
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of the uniform load without exceeding the allowable shearing stress of the beam, in KiloNewton per Meter.
A. 63
B. 54
C. 87
D. 75
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of the uniform load without exceeding the allowable deflection, in KiloNewton per Meter.
A. 102
B. 98
C. 124
D. 114

Solution:

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The implementing rules of PD 1594 defines an unbalanced bi as a bid containing one or more pay items that are 30% higher than the unit allowable government estimate (AGE) in respect to major items whereas other pay items are priced lower than the unit AGE. AGE is defined as one-half the sum of the AAE and the average of all responsive bids. For purposes of determining the average of all responsive bids, bids higher than 120% of the AAE or lower than 60% of the AAE shall not be considered. Major items are defined as pay items representing at least 20% of the AAE or those indicated or specified in the instruction to bidders. The responsive bids for a government project with 8 bid items are as follows (all cost figures are in thousands of pesos):

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the total AAE in thousand pesos:
A. 64,600
B. 54,800
C. 48,000
D. 71,000
2. Which of the following give the complete list of major item?
A. Item 8
B. Items 2,4 & 8
C. Items 2,3,4, & 8
D. Items 2 & 8
3. Which of the following gives the complete list of unbalanced bids?
A. Bidders A, B, C
B. Bidders A, C
C. Bidders A
D. All are balanced bids

Solution:

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A load of 6 KiloNewtons is supported as shown. They pulley weighs 2 KiloNewtons.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the reaction at C in KiloNewtons:
A. 8
B. 10
C. 9
D. 11
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the reaction at B in KiloNewtons:
A. 30
B. 32
C. 41
D. 36
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the angle that the reaction at B make with the horizontal:
A. 21.5°
B. 29.6°
C. 24.8°
D. 22.4°

Solution:

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A three-span continuous beam is shown. The provisions of the 1992 National Structural Code of the Philippine relevant to this problem are also given in the second figure.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the factored uniform load, in kiloNewtons per meter:
A. 6.32
B. 5.65
C. 7.45
D. 4.58
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the ultimate (factored) bending moment at G, in kiloNewton-meters:
A. 24.8
B. 21.9
C. 27.7
D. 32.2
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the ultimate (factored) bending moment at I, in kiloNewton-meters:
A. 16.5
B. 14.9
C. 12.4
D. 18.7

Solution:

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It is required to analyze the indeterminate truss shown. By superposition.  The product AE = 10,000 where A is the cross-sectional area in m² and E is the modulus of elasticity in Pascals.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the relative displacement of joints B and D if member BD is removed, in meters?
A. 0.012
B. 0.004
C. 0.005
D. 0.008
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the relative displacement of joints B and D due to two unit loads (1 N) acting at joints B and D acting towards each other, if member BD is removed.
A. 0.001m
B. 0.003m
C. 0.004m
D. 0.002m
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of the force on member BD in Newtons?
A. 6.4
B. 7.3
C. 9.5
D. 7.9

Solution:

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It is required to construct the influence line for the beam shown.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the ordinate of the influence line for the vertical reaction at A at a point 4m from A:
A. 0.33
B. 0.67
C. -0.33
D. -0.67
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the ordinate of the influence line for the shear at D at a point 4m from A:
A. 0.67
B. -0.33
C. -0.67
D. 0.33
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the ordinate of the influence line for the moment at D at a point 4m from A:
A. -0.67
B. 0.67
C. 0.33
D. -0.33

Solution:

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a force system is shown.

1. Which of the following most nearly gives the resultant of the force system in Newtons?
A. 72
B. 96
C. 84
D. 77
2. Which of the following most gives the angles that ht eresultant force make with the horizontal (positive counterclockwise)
A. 58.4°
B. 63.4°
C. 45.6°
D. 52.2°
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance from the origin where the resultant force crosses the X-axis.
A. 6m
B. 6.5m
C. 5.5m
D. 5m

Solution:

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